/home/arjun/llvm-project/llvm/include/llvm/ADT/Twine.h
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1 | | //===- Twine.h - Fast Temporary String Concatenation ------------*- C++ -*-===// |
2 | | // |
3 | | // Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions. |
4 | | // See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information. |
5 | | // SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception |
6 | | // |
7 | | //===----------------------------------------------------------------------===// |
8 | | |
9 | | #ifndef LLVM_ADT_TWINE_H |
10 | | #define LLVM_ADT_TWINE_H |
11 | | |
12 | | #include "llvm/ADT/SmallVector.h" |
13 | | #include "llvm/ADT/StringRef.h" |
14 | | #include "llvm/Support/ErrorHandling.h" |
15 | | #include <cassert> |
16 | | #include <cstdint> |
17 | | #include <string> |
18 | | |
19 | | namespace llvm { |
20 | | |
21 | | class formatv_object_base; |
22 | | class raw_ostream; |
23 | | |
24 | | /// Twine - A lightweight data structure for efficiently representing the |
25 | | /// concatenation of temporary values as strings. |
26 | | /// |
27 | | /// A Twine is a kind of rope, it represents a concatenated string using a |
28 | | /// binary-tree, where the string is the preorder of the nodes. Since the |
29 | | /// Twine can be efficiently rendered into a buffer when its result is used, |
30 | | /// it avoids the cost of generating temporary values for intermediate string |
31 | | /// results -- particularly in cases when the Twine result is never |
32 | | /// required. By explicitly tracking the type of leaf nodes, we can also avoid |
33 | | /// the creation of temporary strings for conversions operations (such as |
34 | | /// appending an integer to a string). |
35 | | /// |
36 | | /// A Twine is not intended for use directly and should not be stored, its |
37 | | /// implementation relies on the ability to store pointers to temporary stack |
38 | | /// objects which may be deallocated at the end of a statement. Twines should |
39 | | /// only be used accepted as const references in arguments, when an API wishes |
40 | | /// to accept possibly-concatenated strings. |
41 | | /// |
42 | | /// Twines support a special 'null' value, which always concatenates to form |
43 | | /// itself, and renders as an empty string. This can be returned from APIs to |
44 | | /// effectively nullify any concatenations performed on the result. |
45 | | /// |
46 | | /// \b Implementation |
47 | | /// |
48 | | /// Given the nature of a Twine, it is not possible for the Twine's |
49 | | /// concatenation method to construct interior nodes; the result must be |
50 | | /// represented inside the returned value. For this reason a Twine object |
51 | | /// actually holds two values, the left- and right-hand sides of a |
52 | | /// concatenation. We also have nullary Twine objects, which are effectively |
53 | | /// sentinel values that represent empty strings. |
54 | | /// |
55 | | /// Thus, a Twine can effectively have zero, one, or two children. The \see |
56 | | /// isNullary(), \see isUnary(), and \see isBinary() predicates exist for |
57 | | /// testing the number of children. |
58 | | /// |
59 | | /// We maintain a number of invariants on Twine objects (FIXME: Why): |
60 | | /// - Nullary twines are always represented with their Kind on the left-hand |
61 | | /// side, and the Empty kind on the right-hand side. |
62 | | /// - Unary twines are always represented with the value on the left-hand |
63 | | /// side, and the Empty kind on the right-hand side. |
64 | | /// - If a Twine has another Twine as a child, that child should always be |
65 | | /// binary (otherwise it could have been folded into the parent). |
66 | | /// |
67 | | /// These invariants are check by \see isValid(). |
68 | | /// |
69 | | /// \b Efficiency Considerations |
70 | | /// |
71 | | /// The Twine is designed to yield efficient and small code for common |
72 | | /// situations. For this reason, the concat() method is inlined so that |
73 | | /// concatenations of leaf nodes can be optimized into stores directly into a |
74 | | /// single stack allocated object. |
75 | | /// |
76 | | /// In practice, not all compilers can be trusted to optimize concat() fully, |
77 | | /// so we provide two additional methods (and accompanying operator+ |
78 | | /// overloads) to guarantee that particularly important cases (cstring plus |
79 | | /// StringRef) codegen as desired. |
80 | | class Twine { |
81 | | /// NodeKind - Represent the type of an argument. |
82 | | enum NodeKind : unsigned char { |
83 | | /// An empty string; the result of concatenating anything with it is also |
84 | | /// empty. |
85 | | NullKind, |
86 | | |
87 | | /// The empty string. |
88 | | EmptyKind, |
89 | | |
90 | | /// A pointer to a Twine instance. |
91 | | TwineKind, |
92 | | |
93 | | /// A pointer to a C string instance. |
94 | | CStringKind, |
95 | | |
96 | | /// A pointer to an std::string instance. |
97 | | StdStringKind, |
98 | | |
99 | | /// A pointer to a StringRef instance. |
100 | | StringRefKind, |
101 | | |
102 | | /// A pointer to a SmallString instance. |
103 | | SmallStringKind, |
104 | | |
105 | | /// A pointer to a formatv_object_base instance. |
106 | | FormatvObjectKind, |
107 | | |
108 | | /// A char value, to render as a character. |
109 | | CharKind, |
110 | | |
111 | | /// An unsigned int value, to render as an unsigned decimal integer. |
112 | | DecUIKind, |
113 | | |
114 | | /// An int value, to render as a signed decimal integer. |
115 | | DecIKind, |
116 | | |
117 | | /// A pointer to an unsigned long value, to render as an unsigned decimal |
118 | | /// integer. |
119 | | DecULKind, |
120 | | |
121 | | /// A pointer to a long value, to render as a signed decimal integer. |
122 | | DecLKind, |
123 | | |
124 | | /// A pointer to an unsigned long long value, to render as an unsigned |
125 | | /// decimal integer. |
126 | | DecULLKind, |
127 | | |
128 | | /// A pointer to a long long value, to render as a signed decimal integer. |
129 | | DecLLKind, |
130 | | |
131 | | /// A pointer to a uint64_t value, to render as an unsigned hexadecimal |
132 | | /// integer. |
133 | | UHexKind |
134 | | }; |
135 | | |
136 | | union Child |
137 | | { |
138 | | const Twine *twine; |
139 | | const char *cString; |
140 | | const std::string *stdString; |
141 | | const StringRef *stringRef; |
142 | | const SmallVectorImpl<char> *smallString; |
143 | | const formatv_object_base *formatvObject; |
144 | | char character; |
145 | | unsigned int decUI; |
146 | | int decI; |
147 | | const unsigned long *decUL; |
148 | | const long *decL; |
149 | | const unsigned long long *decULL; |
150 | | const long long *decLL; |
151 | | const uint64_t *uHex; |
152 | | }; |
153 | | |
154 | | /// LHS - The prefix in the concatenation, which may be uninitialized for |
155 | | /// Null or Empty kinds. |
156 | | Child LHS; |
157 | | |
158 | | /// RHS - The suffix in the concatenation, which may be uninitialized for |
159 | | /// Null or Empty kinds. |
160 | | Child RHS; |
161 | | |
162 | | /// LHSKind - The NodeKind of the left hand side, \see getLHSKind(). |
163 | | NodeKind LHSKind = EmptyKind; |
164 | | |
165 | | /// RHSKind - The NodeKind of the right hand side, \see getRHSKind(). |
166 | | NodeKind RHSKind = EmptyKind; |
167 | | |
168 | | /// Construct a nullary twine; the kind must be NullKind or EmptyKind. |
169 | 0 | explicit Twine(NodeKind Kind) : LHSKind(Kind) { |
170 | 0 | assert(isNullary() && "Invalid kind!"); |
171 | 0 | } |
172 | | |
173 | | /// Construct a binary twine. |
174 | | explicit Twine(const Twine &LHS, const Twine &RHS) |
175 | 0 | : LHSKind(TwineKind), RHSKind(TwineKind) { |
176 | 0 | this->LHS.twine = &LHS; |
177 | 0 | this->RHS.twine = &RHS; |
178 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
179 | 0 | } |
180 | | |
181 | | /// Construct a twine from explicit values. |
182 | | explicit Twine(Child LHS, NodeKind LHSKind, Child RHS, NodeKind RHSKind) |
183 | 0 | : LHS(LHS), RHS(RHS), LHSKind(LHSKind), RHSKind(RHSKind) { |
184 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
185 | 0 | } |
186 | | |
187 | | /// Check for the null twine. |
188 | 6 | bool isNull() const { |
189 | 6 | return getLHSKind() == NullKind; |
190 | 6 | } |
191 | | |
192 | | /// Check for the empty twine. |
193 | 6 | bool isEmpty() const { |
194 | 6 | return getLHSKind() == EmptyKind; |
195 | 6 | } |
196 | | |
197 | | /// Check if this is a nullary twine (null or empty). |
198 | 6 | bool isNullary() const { |
199 | 6 | return isNull() || isEmpty(); |
200 | 6 | } |
201 | | |
202 | | /// Check if this is a unary twine. |
203 | 0 | bool isUnary() const { |
204 | 0 | return getRHSKind() == EmptyKind && !isNullary(); |
205 | 0 | } |
206 | | |
207 | | /// Check if this is a binary twine. |
208 | 0 | bool isBinary() const { |
209 | 0 | return getLHSKind() != NullKind && getRHSKind() != EmptyKind; |
210 | 0 | } |
211 | | |
212 | | /// Check if this is a valid twine (satisfying the invariants on |
213 | | /// order and number of arguments). |
214 | 6 | bool isValid() const { |
215 | 6 | // Nullary twines always have Empty on the RHS. |
216 | 6 | if (isNullary() && getRHSKind() != EmptyKind) |
217 | 0 | return false; |
218 | 6 | |
219 | 6 | // Null should never appear on the RHS. |
220 | 6 | if (getRHSKind() == NullKind) |
221 | 0 | return false; |
222 | 6 | |
223 | 6 | // The RHS cannot be non-empty if the LHS is empty. |
224 | 6 | if (getRHSKind() != EmptyKind && getLHSKind() == EmptyKind) |
225 | 0 | return false; |
226 | 6 | |
227 | 6 | // A twine child should always be binary. |
228 | 6 | if (getLHSKind() == TwineKind && |
229 | 6 | !LHS.twine->isBinary()) |
230 | 0 | return false; |
231 | 6 | if (getRHSKind() == TwineKind && |
232 | 6 | !RHS.twine->isBinary()) |
233 | 0 | return false; |
234 | 6 | |
235 | 6 | return true; |
236 | 6 | } |
237 | | |
238 | | /// Get the NodeKind of the left-hand side. |
239 | 24 | NodeKind getLHSKind() const { return LHSKind; } |
240 | | |
241 | | /// Get the NodeKind of the right-hand side. |
242 | 22 | NodeKind getRHSKind() const { return RHSKind; } |
243 | | |
244 | | /// Print one child from a twine. |
245 | | void printOneChild(raw_ostream &OS, Child Ptr, NodeKind Kind) const; |
246 | | |
247 | | /// Print the representation of one child from a twine. |
248 | | void printOneChildRepr(raw_ostream &OS, Child Ptr, |
249 | | NodeKind Kind) const; |
250 | | |
251 | | public: |
252 | | /// @name Constructors |
253 | | /// @{ |
254 | | |
255 | | /// Construct from an empty string. |
256 | 0 | /*implicit*/ Twine() { |
257 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
258 | 0 | } |
259 | | |
260 | | Twine(const Twine &) = default; |
261 | | |
262 | | /// Construct from a C string. |
263 | | /// |
264 | | /// We take care here to optimize "" into the empty twine -- this will be |
265 | | /// optimized out for string constants. This allows Twine arguments have |
266 | | /// default "" values, without introducing unnecessary string constants. |
267 | 2 | /*implicit*/ Twine(const char *Str) { |
268 | 2 | if (Str[0] != '\0') { |
269 | 2 | LHS.cString = Str; |
270 | 2 | LHSKind = CStringKind; |
271 | 2 | } else |
272 | 0 | LHSKind = EmptyKind; |
273 | 2 | |
274 | 2 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
275 | 2 | } |
276 | | /// Delete the implicit conversion from nullptr as Twine(const char *) |
277 | | /// cannot take nullptr. |
278 | | /*implicit*/ Twine(std::nullptr_t) = delete; |
279 | | |
280 | | /// Construct from an std::string. |
281 | 4 | /*implicit*/ Twine(const std::string &Str) : LHSKind(StdStringKind) { |
282 | 4 | LHS.stdString = &Str; |
283 | 4 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
284 | 4 | } |
285 | | |
286 | | /// Construct from a StringRef. |
287 | 0 | /*implicit*/ Twine(const StringRef &Str) : LHSKind(StringRefKind) { |
288 | 0 | LHS.stringRef = &Str; |
289 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
290 | 0 | } |
291 | | |
292 | | /// Construct from a SmallString. |
293 | | /*implicit*/ Twine(const SmallVectorImpl<char> &Str) |
294 | 0 | : LHSKind(SmallStringKind) { |
295 | 0 | LHS.smallString = &Str; |
296 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
297 | 0 | } |
298 | | |
299 | | /// Construct from a formatv_object_base. |
300 | | /*implicit*/ Twine(const formatv_object_base &Fmt) |
301 | 0 | : LHSKind(FormatvObjectKind) { |
302 | 0 | LHS.formatvObject = &Fmt; |
303 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
304 | 0 | } |
305 | | |
306 | | /// Construct from a char. |
307 | 0 | explicit Twine(char Val) : LHSKind(CharKind) { |
308 | 0 | LHS.character = Val; |
309 | 0 | } |
310 | | |
311 | | /// Construct from a signed char. |
312 | 0 | explicit Twine(signed char Val) : LHSKind(CharKind) { |
313 | 0 | LHS.character = static_cast<char>(Val); |
314 | 0 | } |
315 | | |
316 | | /// Construct from an unsigned char. |
317 | 0 | explicit Twine(unsigned char Val) : LHSKind(CharKind) { |
318 | 0 | LHS.character = static_cast<char>(Val); |
319 | 0 | } |
320 | | |
321 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as an unsigned decimal integer. |
322 | 0 | explicit Twine(unsigned Val) : LHSKind(DecUIKind) { |
323 | 0 | LHS.decUI = Val; |
324 | 0 | } |
325 | | |
326 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as a signed decimal integer. |
327 | 0 | explicit Twine(int Val) : LHSKind(DecIKind) { |
328 | 0 | LHS.decI = Val; |
329 | 0 | } |
330 | | |
331 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as an unsigned decimal integer. |
332 | 0 | explicit Twine(const unsigned long &Val) : LHSKind(DecULKind) { |
333 | 0 | LHS.decUL = &Val; |
334 | 0 | } |
335 | | |
336 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as a signed decimal integer. |
337 | 0 | explicit Twine(const long &Val) : LHSKind(DecLKind) { |
338 | 0 | LHS.decL = &Val; |
339 | 0 | } |
340 | | |
341 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as an unsigned decimal integer. |
342 | 0 | explicit Twine(const unsigned long long &Val) : LHSKind(DecULLKind) { |
343 | 0 | LHS.decULL = &Val; |
344 | 0 | } |
345 | | |
346 | | /// Construct a twine to print \p Val as a signed decimal integer. |
347 | 0 | explicit Twine(const long long &Val) : LHSKind(DecLLKind) { |
348 | 0 | LHS.decLL = &Val; |
349 | 0 | } |
350 | | |
351 | | // FIXME: Unfortunately, to make sure this is as efficient as possible we |
352 | | // need extra binary constructors from particular types. We can't rely on |
353 | | // the compiler to be smart enough to fold operator+()/concat() down to the |
354 | | // right thing. Yet. |
355 | | |
356 | | /// Construct as the concatenation of a C string and a StringRef. |
357 | | /*implicit*/ Twine(const char *LHS, const StringRef &RHS) |
358 | 0 | : LHSKind(CStringKind), RHSKind(StringRefKind) { |
359 | 0 | this->LHS.cString = LHS; |
360 | 0 | this->RHS.stringRef = &RHS; |
361 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
362 | 0 | } |
363 | | |
364 | | /// Construct as the concatenation of a StringRef and a C string. |
365 | | /*implicit*/ Twine(const StringRef &LHS, const char *RHS) |
366 | 0 | : LHSKind(StringRefKind), RHSKind(CStringKind) { |
367 | 0 | this->LHS.stringRef = &LHS; |
368 | 0 | this->RHS.cString = RHS; |
369 | 0 | assert(isValid() && "Invalid twine!"); |
370 | 0 | } |
371 | | |
372 | | /// Since the intended use of twines is as temporary objects, assignments |
373 | | /// when concatenating might cause undefined behavior or stack corruptions |
374 | | Twine &operator=(const Twine &) = delete; |
375 | | |
376 | | /// Create a 'null' string, which is an empty string that always |
377 | | /// concatenates to form another empty string. |
378 | 0 | static Twine createNull() { |
379 | 0 | return Twine(NullKind); |
380 | 0 | } |
381 | | |
382 | | /// @} |
383 | | /// @name Numeric Conversions |
384 | | /// @{ |
385 | | |
386 | | // Construct a twine to print \p Val as an unsigned hexadecimal integer. |
387 | 0 | static Twine utohexstr(const uint64_t &Val) { |
388 | 0 | Child LHS, RHS; |
389 | 0 | LHS.uHex = &Val; |
390 | 0 | RHS.twine = nullptr; |
391 | 0 | return Twine(LHS, UHexKind, RHS, EmptyKind); |
392 | 0 | } |
393 | | |
394 | | /// @} |
395 | | /// @name Predicate Operations |
396 | | /// @{ |
397 | | |
398 | | /// Check if this twine is trivially empty; a false return value does not |
399 | | /// necessarily mean the twine is empty. |
400 | 0 | bool isTriviallyEmpty() const { |
401 | 0 | return isNullary(); |
402 | 0 | } |
403 | | |
404 | | /// Return true if this twine can be dynamically accessed as a single |
405 | | /// StringRef value with getSingleStringRef(). |
406 | 4 | bool isSingleStringRef() const { |
407 | 4 | if (getRHSKind() != EmptyKind) return false; |
408 | 4 | |
409 | 4 | switch (getLHSKind()) { |
410 | 4 | case EmptyKind: |
411 | 4 | case CStringKind: |
412 | 4 | case StdStringKind: |
413 | 4 | case StringRefKind: |
414 | 4 | case SmallStringKind: |
415 | 4 | return true; |
416 | 4 | default: |
417 | 0 | return false; |
418 | 4 | } |
419 | 4 | } |
420 | | |
421 | | /// @} |
422 | | /// @name String Operations |
423 | | /// @{ |
424 | | |
425 | | Twine concat(const Twine &Suffix) const; |
426 | | |
427 | | /// @} |
428 | | /// @name Output & Conversion. |
429 | | /// @{ |
430 | | |
431 | | /// Return the twine contents as a std::string. |
432 | | std::string str() const; |
433 | | |
434 | | /// Append the concatenated string into the given SmallString or SmallVector. |
435 | | void toVector(SmallVectorImpl<char> &Out) const; |
436 | | |
437 | | /// This returns the twine as a single StringRef. This method is only valid |
438 | | /// if isSingleStringRef() is true. |
439 | 2 | StringRef getSingleStringRef() const { |
440 | 2 | assert(isSingleStringRef() &&"This cannot be had as a single stringref!"); |
441 | 2 | switch (getLHSKind()) { |
442 | 2 | default: llvm_unreachable("Out of sync with isSingleStringRef"); |
443 | 2 | case EmptyKind: return StringRef(); |
444 | 2 | case CStringKind: return StringRef(LHS.cString); |
445 | 2 | case StdStringKind: return StringRef(*LHS.stdString); |
446 | 2 | case StringRefKind: return *LHS.stringRef; |
447 | 2 | case SmallStringKind: |
448 | 0 | return StringRef(LHS.smallString->data(), LHS.smallString->size()); |
449 | 2 | } |
450 | 2 | } |
451 | | |
452 | | /// This returns the twine as a single StringRef if it can be |
453 | | /// represented as such. Otherwise the twine is written into the given |
454 | | /// SmallVector and a StringRef to the SmallVector's data is returned. |
455 | 2 | StringRef toStringRef(SmallVectorImpl<char> &Out) const { |
456 | 2 | if (isSingleStringRef()) |
457 | 2 | return getSingleStringRef(); |
458 | 0 | toVector(Out); |
459 | 0 | return StringRef(Out.data(), Out.size()); |
460 | 0 | } |
461 | | |
462 | | /// This returns the twine as a single null terminated StringRef if it |
463 | | /// can be represented as such. Otherwise the twine is written into the |
464 | | /// given SmallVector and a StringRef to the SmallVector's data is returned. |
465 | | /// |
466 | | /// The returned StringRef's size does not include the null terminator. |
467 | | StringRef toNullTerminatedStringRef(SmallVectorImpl<char> &Out) const; |
468 | | |
469 | | /// Write the concatenated string represented by this twine to the |
470 | | /// stream \p OS. |
471 | | void print(raw_ostream &OS) const; |
472 | | |
473 | | /// Dump the concatenated string represented by this twine to stderr. |
474 | | void dump() const; |
475 | | |
476 | | /// Write the representation of this twine to the stream \p OS. |
477 | | void printRepr(raw_ostream &OS) const; |
478 | | |
479 | | /// Dump the representation of this twine to stderr. |
480 | | void dumpRepr() const; |
481 | | |
482 | | /// @} |
483 | | }; |
484 | | |
485 | | /// @name Twine Inline Implementations |
486 | | /// @{ |
487 | | |
488 | 0 | inline Twine Twine::concat(const Twine &Suffix) const { |
489 | 0 | // Concatenation with null is null. |
490 | 0 | if (isNull() || Suffix.isNull()) |
491 | 0 | return Twine(NullKind); |
492 | 0 | |
493 | 0 | // Concatenation with empty yields the other side. |
494 | 0 | if (isEmpty()) |
495 | 0 | return Suffix; |
496 | 0 | if (Suffix.isEmpty()) |
497 | 0 | return *this; |
498 | 0 | |
499 | 0 | // Otherwise we need to create a new node, taking care to fold in unary |
500 | 0 | // twines. |
501 | 0 | Child NewLHS, NewRHS; |
502 | 0 | NewLHS.twine = this; |
503 | 0 | NewRHS.twine = &Suffix; |
504 | 0 | NodeKind NewLHSKind = TwineKind, NewRHSKind = TwineKind; |
505 | 0 | if (isUnary()) { |
506 | 0 | NewLHS = LHS; |
507 | 0 | NewLHSKind = getLHSKind(); |
508 | 0 | } |
509 | 0 | if (Suffix.isUnary()) { |
510 | 0 | NewRHS = Suffix.LHS; |
511 | 0 | NewRHSKind = Suffix.getLHSKind(); |
512 | 0 | } |
513 | 0 |
|
514 | 0 | return Twine(NewLHS, NewLHSKind, NewRHS, NewRHSKind); |
515 | 0 | } |
516 | | |
517 | 0 | inline Twine operator+(const Twine &LHS, const Twine &RHS) { |
518 | 0 | return LHS.concat(RHS); |
519 | 0 | } |
520 | | |
521 | | /// Additional overload to guarantee simplified codegen; this is equivalent to |
522 | | /// concat(). |
523 | | |
524 | 0 | inline Twine operator+(const char *LHS, const StringRef &RHS) { |
525 | 0 | return Twine(LHS, RHS); |
526 | 0 | } |
527 | | |
528 | | /// Additional overload to guarantee simplified codegen; this is equivalent to |
529 | | /// concat(). |
530 | | |
531 | 0 | inline Twine operator+(const StringRef &LHS, const char *RHS) { |
532 | 0 | return Twine(LHS, RHS); |
533 | 0 | } |
534 | | |
535 | 0 | inline raw_ostream &operator<<(raw_ostream &OS, const Twine &RHS) { |
536 | 0 | RHS.print(OS); |
537 | 0 | return OS; |
538 | 0 | } |
539 | | |
540 | | /// @} |
541 | | |
542 | | } // end namespace llvm |
543 | | |
544 | | #endif // LLVM_ADT_TWINE_H |